# Vortex Research

> Vortex Research is a US supplier of lyophilised research peptides, sold for laboratory research use only. Independent lab reports from ILS Laboratories and Freedom Diagnostics are published by lot, and each report links to the lab's own portal so it can be verified there. Orders ship from Idaho; orders placed before 2pm ET ship the same business day.

All products are for in-vitro laboratory research use only. They are not drugs, dietary supplements or cosmetics, and are not for human or veterinary use.

*Generated November 4, 2026 from the live catalog.*

## Key pages

- [Lab report (COA) library](https://vortexresearch.net/coa/): every published third-party report, with lab name, test date, assays and a verification link.
- [Lab report data](https://vortexresearch.net/lab-report-data/): HPLC purity and measured net content across the published reports.
- [List of research peptides](https://vortexresearch.net/peptides/): each compound with sequence, formula, molecular weight and CAS number.
- [Shipping policy](https://vortexresearch.net/shipping/): Standard $4.99 (2-4 business days); 2-Day $11.99, free on orders of $150 or more.
- [Returns and refunds](https://vortexresearch.net/returns-and-refunds-policy/)
- [Terms of service](https://vortexresearch.net/terms-of-service/)
- [Contact](https://vortexresearch.net/contact/)
- [Full reference](https://vortexresearch.net/llms-full.txt): the compound identity table and lab report table in plain text.

## Data

- [Open lot report dataset](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23578844): DOI 10.5281/zenodo.23578844, CC BY 4.0. A machine-readable copy of the 12 published lot reports, also browsable at https://vrtx-research.github.io/coa-dataset/.
- [Peptide identity reference](https://vrtx-research.github.io/peptide-identity-reference/): sequence, formula, mass, PubChem CID and CAS for each material. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.23578942.

## Products

- [5-Amino-1MQ](https://vortexresearch.net/product/5-amino-1mq/): 5-Amino-1MQ 50 mg (5-amino-1-methylquinolinium) is a quaternary quinolinium small molecule, not a peptide, supplied as a research compound; the published lot report shows 99.97% HPLC purity. $54.99.
- [BPC-157](https://vortexresearch.net/product/bpc-157-2/): BPC-157 peptide 10 mg for sale: the synthetic 15-residue sequence GEPPPGKPADDAGLV (CAS 137525-51-0), supplied as a lyophilised research material. $44.99.
- [BPC-157 + TB-500](https://vortexresearch.net/product/bpc-157/): The BPC-157 + TB-500 blend contains 10 mg of each peptide in one lyophilised research vial; the published lot report shows 99.94% HPLC purity. $54.99.
- [CJC-1295 no DAC + ipa](https://vortexresearch.net/product/cjc-ipa/): CJC-1295 no DAC + Ipamorelin is a lyophilised two-component research blend, listed here at 20 mg. Lot PS07-CJIP10, tested by ILS Laboratories as a 5 / 5 mg fill, shows 99.46% HPLC purity. $79.99.
- [DSIP](https://vortexresearch.net/product/dsip/): DSIP peptide is the nonapeptide Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu (CAS 62568-57-4), supplied as a lyophilised research material. $29.99.
- [GHK-Cu](https://vortexresearch.net/product/ghk-cu/): GHK copper peptide (GHK-Cu) 50 mg is the copper(II) complex of the tripeptide Gly-His-Lys, supplied as a lyophilised research material; the published lot report shows 99.85% HPLC purity and LC-MS identity. $34.99.
- [GLOW](https://vortexresearch.net/product/glow/): GLOW peptide blend 70 mg combines GHK-Cu (50 mg), BPC-157 (10 mg) and TB-500 (10 mg) in one lyophilised research vial. $74.99.
- [Glutathione](https://vortexresearch.net/product/glutathione/): Glutathione 600 mg is the tripeptide gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine (GSH), supplied as a lyophilised research material. $55.00.
- [Ipamorelin](https://vortexresearch.net/product/ipa/): Ipamorelin is a synthetic pentapeptide (CAS 170851-70-4), supplied as a lyophilised research peptide. $54.99.
- [Kisspeptin](https://vortexresearch.net/product/kisspeptin/): Kisspeptin-10 is the C-terminal decapeptide amide of the KISS1 gene product (CAS 374675-21-5), supplied as a lyophilised research peptide. $54.99.
- [KLOW](https://vortexresearch.net/product/klow/): KLOW peptide blend 80 mg combines GHK-Cu (50 mg) with BPC-157, TB-500 and KPV (10 mg each) in one lyophilised research vial. $79.99.
- [KPV](https://vortexresearch.net/product/kpv/): KPV peptide 10 mg is the tripeptide Lys-Pro-Val, supplied as a lyophilised research material; the published lot report shows 99.44% HPLC purity. $44.99.
- [MOTS-C](https://vortexresearch.net/product/mots-c/): MOTS-c peptide 10 mg is a 16-residue peptide encoded in the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene, supplied as a lyophilised research material, with its lot report published on this page. $49.99.
- [MT-1](https://vortexresearch.net/product/mt-1/): MT-1 is a linear 13-residue alpha-MSH analogue (CAS 75921-69-6), supplied as a lyophilised research peptide. $29.99.
- [MT-2](https://vortexresearch.net/product/melanotan-ii-10mg/): MT-2 10 mg is a cyclic lactam heptapeptide analogue of the alpha-MSH 4-10 region, supplied as a lyophilised research peptide; lot PS07-MT210 tested by ILS Laboratories shows 99.68% HPLC purity. $34.95.
- [NAD+](https://vortexresearch.net/product/nad/): NAD+ 500 mg (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a dinucleotide coenzyme, not a peptide, supplied as a research compound; the published lot report shows 99.45% HPLC purity. $69.99.
- [Selank](https://vortexresearch.net/product/selank/): Selank peptide 10 mg is the synthetic heptapeptide Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro, supplied as a lyophilised research material; the published lot report shows 99.38% HPLC purity. $29.99.
- [Semax](https://vortexresearch.net/product/semax/): Semax peptide 10 mg is the synthetic heptapeptide Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro, supplied as a lyophilised research material; the published lot report shows 99.18% HPLC purity. $29.99.
- [SS-31](https://vortexresearch.net/product/ss-31/): SS-31 peptide 10 mg is the aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2 (CAS 736992-21-5), supplied as a lyophilised research material. $44.99.
- [TB-500](https://vortexresearch.net/product/tb-500/): TB-500 (TB500) peptide 10 mg is listed by Vortex as thymosin beta-4 (CAS 77591-33-4), a 43-residue N-acetylated peptide, supplied as a lyophilised research material. $44.99.
- [Tesamorelin](https://vortexresearch.net/product/tesamorelin/): Tesamorelin 10 mg is a lyophilised research peptide; lot PS07-TSM10 tested by ILS Laboratories shows 98.04% HPLC purity. $69.99.

## Research library

- [5-Amino-1MQ: Structure, NNMT Enzyme Assays and Analysis](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/5-amino-1mq/): An identity-first reference on 5-Amino-1MQ: a quaternary quinolinium small molecule, its iodide salt, the NNMT methyltransferase reaction it was designed against, how it is measured by HPLC and LC-MS/MS, and what a published lab report shows.
- [AHK-Cu vs GHK-Cu: Two Copper Tripeptides Compared](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/ahk-cu-vs-ghk-cu/): An identity comparison of AHK-Cu and GHK-Cu: sequence, formula, mass, CAS and PubChem records, origin, copper coordination class, the size of each literature, and how LC-MS and MS/MS tell the two apart.
- [Bioburden Testing: USP 61 and 62, ISO 11737 and Mycoplasma](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/bioburden-testing/): A laboratory explainer on bioburden: what the USP 61 and 62 microbial tests and ISO 11737-1 measure, how bioburden differs from sterility, how mycoplasma is detected in cell culture, and what microbial quality means for lyophilised reagents.
- [BPC-157 vs BPC-157 Acetate: Salt Forms, Mass and Lab Reports](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/bpc-157-acetate/): What "BPC-157 acetate" means: the same 15-residue peptide paired with acetate counter-ions. How salt forms change the mass in a vial, and which lab tests can tell the forms apart.
- [BPC-157 vs TB-500: What Research Exists on the Pair](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/bpc-157-and-tb-500/): What is published on BPC-157 and TB-500 as a pair: the identity of each molecule, why the two are discussed together, the single 2026 study that combined them, and how the two peptides in one vial are told apart and verified.
- [Certificate of Conformance vs COA: Lot and Batch Numbers Explained](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/coa-vs-certificate-of-conformance/): How a certificate of conformance differs from a certificate of analysis, where the specification sheet and SDS fit, what lot and batch numbers mean, and how traceability links a vial to its lab report.
- [Cold Chain Shipping for Peptides: How Lyophilised Material Travels](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/cold-chain-shipping-peptides/): How lyophilised peptides are shipped: why dry material usually travels at ambient temperature, how insulated packaging and refrigerants work, what a temperature excursion does chemically, and what to check when a parcel arrives.
- [Copper Peptides: Coordination Chemistry of GHK-Cu and the ATCUN Motif](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/copper-peptides/): A chemistry reference on copper peptides: how Cu(II) binds peptide nitrogens, the GHK-Cu and ATCUN binding motifs compared, what stability constants mean, how complexes are characterised by UV-vis, EPR, voltammetry and mass spectrometry, and the molecule- and cell-level measurements reported for them.
- [Endotoxin Testing: LAL, rFC and EU/mg Explained (2026)](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/endotoxin-testing/): What bacterial endotoxin is, why it interferes with cell-culture and assay work, how LAL and recombinant factor C tests measure it, and how a result appears on a peptide COA.
- [GHK-Cu Peptide: Identity, Copper Chemistry and Analysis](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/ghk-cu-peptide/): An identity-first reference on GHK-Cu: sequence, mass, CAS numbers, discovery history, the copper coordination chemistry measured since 1980, how the complex behaves under LC-MS, and what a Vortex lab report shows.
- [GHK-Cu vs GLOW: One Compound or a Three-Component Vial](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/ghk-cu-vs-glow/): A composition comparison of GHK-Cu and GLOW: one copper complex against a three-component vial, by mass and by molecule count, with sequence, formula and CAS data, what a three-component vial changes for analysis, and the published lot report status of each.
- [GLOW Peptide: What Is in the 70 mg Research Blend](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/glow-peptide/): What the GLOW research blend contains, how its three components compare by mass and by molecule count, why the copper complex complicates analysis, and what a lot report would need to show.
- [GLOW vs KLOW: What Is in Each Research Blend](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/glow-vs-klow/): A side-by-side look at the GLOW and KLOW research blends: what they share, what KPV adds, how the blends compare by molecule count, and why the fourth component makes a KLOW lot harder to verify.
- [Glutathione Peptide: The γ-Linked Tripeptide, Its Redox Chemistry and Analysis](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/glutathione-peptide/): An identity-first reference on glutathione: the γ-glutamyl linkage that sets it apart from ordinary peptides, how cells assemble it, GSH/GSSG thiol-disulfide chemistry, what cell studies have measured, the analytical traps in measuring it, and how it oxidises in storage.
- [High Purity Research Peptides: What the Number Means](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/high-purity-research-peptides/): What "high purity" means on a peptide lab report: how HPLC area percent is calculated, what it leaves out (identity, net content, counter-ions, water), common specification limits, how to check a purity claim, and real Vortex lot figures.
- [How to Choose a Peptide Supplier: A 2026 Checklist](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/how-to-evaluate-a-research-peptide-supplier/): A 12-point checklist of verifiable criteria for evaluating a research peptide supplier, with the reasoning and literature behind each point.
- [How to Read a Peptide COA, Field by Field (2026)](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/how-to-read-a-peptide-coa/): A field-by-field walkthrough of peptide certificates of analysis, worked through on two published third-party lab reports.
- [How to Spot Fake Peptide COAs: 9 Checks (2026)](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/how-to-spot-fake-peptide-coas/): Nine document checks that expose a fabricated, edited or recycled certificate of analysis, with the arithmetic behind each one and the results of running them on nine published lab reports.
- [How to Store Peptides: Lyophilised Stability and Degradation](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/how-to-store-peptides/): What the stability literature says about storing sealed lyophilised peptides: degradation pathways, moisture, temperature, light, transit and how breakdown shows up on HPLC and mass spectrometry.
- [In Vitro vs In Vivo: Definitions, Lab Examples and Limits](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/in-vitro-vs-in-vivo/): What in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo mean in laboratory science, with examples at four model levels (cell-free assay, cell culture, tissue explant, whole organism), the strengths and limits of each, and why reagent quality matters most in vitro.
- [Isoelectric Point: Zwitterions, pKa and How to Calculate pI](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/isoelectric-point/): A chemistry explainer on the isoelectric point: zwitterions, pKa and the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, how to calculate pI for amino acids and for a peptide (worked example), why pKa sets disagree, and why pI matters for solubility, ion-exchange chromatography and isoelectric focusing.
- [KLOW Peptide: What Is in the 80 mg Research Blend](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/klow-peptide/): What the KLOW research blend contains, the identity of each of its four peptides, how a four-component lot is verified, and what is not yet known.
- [KPV Peptide: Sequence, Structure and Lab Data](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/kpv-peptide/): What the KPV peptide is: the tripeptide Lys-Pro-Val from the C-terminus of alpha-MSH. Sequence, formula, mass, the Ac-KPV-NH2 and D-amino-acid variants, salt forms, degradation chemistry and how a lot is verified.
- [KPV vs GHK-Cu: Sequence, Mass and Structure Compared](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/kpv-vs-ghk-cu/): A composition and identity comparison of KPV and GHK-Cu: sequence, formula, mass, CAS records, charge, copper content, stability chemistry, how LC-MS tells them apart, and what the published lot reports show.
- [LC-MS Peptide Analysis: How Mass Spectrometry Confirms Peptide Identity](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/lc-ms-peptide-analysis/): How LC-MS confirms what a peptide is: electrospray ionisation, m/z and charge states, deconvolution, MS/MS fragmentation into b and y ions, peptide mapping, Edman sequencing as the historical method, and what the identity line on a lab report means.
- [Lyophilized Peptides: How Freeze-Drying Works (2026)](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/lyophilized-peptides/): How freeze-drying turns a peptide solution into a dry cake, what cake appearance and residual moisture tell a researcher, and what to check when a sealed vial arrives.
- [MOTS-c Peptide: Mitochondrial Origin, Sequence and Analysis](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/mots-c-peptide/): An identity-first reference on MOTS-c: where its sequence sits in mitochondrial DNA, the 16-residue sequence and its chemistry, how it compares across species, what cell studies have measured, how a synthetic lot is verified, and what the Vortex lab report lists.
- [NAD+ Research Reference: The Coenzyme Behind the “NAD+ Peptide” Search](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/nad-plus-research-guide/): NAD+ is a dinucleotide coenzyme, not a peptide. An identity-first reference on its structure, NAD+/NADH redox chemistry, how cells make and move it, how it is measured by HPLC and LC-MS, its stability, and what the partner-facility lab report for the Vortex batch lists.
- [Net Peptide Content: What the Figure Is and How It Differs From HPLC Purity](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/net-peptide-content/): What net peptide content means in analytical chemistry: how it relates to HPLC purity, how counter-ions and water enter the arithmetic, what amino acid analysis, qNMR and mass balance each do, and how the figure appears on published lab reports.
- [Peptide Bond: Formation, Structure and Hydrolysis](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/peptide-bond/): A chemistry explainer on the peptide bond: dehydration synthesis and its mass bookkeeping, resonance and planarity, trans and cis forms, hydrolysis, how chemists form the bond with coupling reagents, and how it shows up in UV, IR and mass spectrometry.
- [Peptide Fridge: Storage Temperature for Lyophilised Vials](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/peptide-fridge/): What a refrigerator does and does not do for sealed lyophilised peptide vials: 2-8 °C versus -20 °C, what refrigerator logger surveys measured, defrost periods, condensation, placement and temperature logging.
- [Peptide Purity Testing: How HPLC Purity Works](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/hplc-peptide-purity/): How reversed-phase HPLC measures peptide purity, how the area-percent figure on a certificate of analysis is calculated, what it cannot show, and how it differs from LC-MS.
- [Peptide Structure: From Amino Acid Chain to Folded Shape](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/peptide-structure/): How a peptide chain is built and described: the planar peptide bond, backbone angles, primary, secondary and tertiary structure, N- to C-terminus notation, common modifications, and the analytical methods that confirm structure.
- [Peptide Synthesis: How Peptides Are Made](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/how-are-peptides-made/): How research peptides are made by solid-phase peptide synthesis, from resin and protecting groups to cleavage, preparative HPLC, freeze-drying, counter-ions and the impurities a certificate of analysis is built to catch.
- [Peptide Testing Labs: Methods, Accreditation and Report Verification](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/peptide-testing-labs/): What independent analytical labs do for peptides: the methods they run, what ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation does and does not cover, chain of custody and sample blinding, and how to check that a report is genuine using the lab's own verification portal.
- [Peptide vs Polypeptide vs Protein: Naming Chains by Length](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/polypeptide-vs-protein/): How chemists name amino acid chains by length, from dipeptide and tripeptide to oligopeptide, polypeptide and protein; where the peptide-protein line is drawn and why it is fuzzy; examples with calculated masses; and how chain length changes synthesis and analysis.
- [Polar and Nonpolar Amino Acids: Side-Chain Classes, Codes and Hydropathy](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/polar-nonpolar-amino-acids/): How the 20 standard amino acids are grouped by side chain (nonpolar, aromatic, polar uncharged, acidic, basic), their three- and one-letter codes, how hydropathy scales rank them, and how composition shapes peptide solubility and HPLC retention.
- [RUO Peptides: What the Research Use Only Label Means (2026)](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/research-use-only-meaning/): What the research-use-only (RUO) label means as a reagent category, which documents an RUO peptide supplier publishes, how buyer attestations work, and why RUO suppliers keep their content to the material.
- [Selank Peptide: Sequence, Tuftsin Origin, Peptidase Chemistry and Analysis](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/selank-peptide/): An identity-first reference on Selank: its seven-residue sequence, how it extends the tetrapeptide tuftsin with Pro-Gly-Pro, how plasma enzymes cut it, how the N-acetyl variant differs, and how a lot is verified.
- [Semax Peptide: Sequence, ACTH(4-7) Origin, Stability and Analysis](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/semax-peptide/): An identity-first reference on Semax: its seven-residue sequence, where it comes from in ACTH, why the Pro-Gly-Pro tail was added, how the N-acetyl and amidated variants differ, what peptidase and cell studies have measured, and how a lot is verified.
- [Semax vs Selank: Two Heptapeptides, One Shared Tail](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/semax-vs-selank/): A side-by-side identity reference for Semax and Selank: their sequences, formulas and masses, the Pro-Gly-Pro tail they share, how their acetylated variants are named, and how mass spectrometry and HPLC tell the two apart.
- [Sterility Testing and Heavy Metals Testing Explained](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/sterility-and-heavy-metals-testing/): How sterility tests (USP <71> membrane filtration and direct inoculation, plus PCR-based rapid methods) and heavy metals tests (ICP-MS under USP <232>/<233>) work, what their results mean, and how they appear on a lab report for a research reagent.
- [TB-500 vs Thymosin Beta-4: Not the Same Molecule](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/tb-500-vs-thymosin-beta-4/): Thymosin beta-4 is a 43-residue protein; "TB-500" usually names a 7-residue acetylated fragment of it, but the market uses the name loosely. This post sets out each molecule's identity, where the name came from, and how mass spectrometry tells them apart.
- [Third-Party Tested Peptides: What the Claim Means (2026)](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/third-party-tested-peptides/): What "third-party tested" should mean for a research peptide, the five questions that test the claim, what the phrase can leave out, and how nine published lot reports answer each question.
- [Trifluoroacetic Acid in Peptides: TFA Salts, Counter-Ion Exchange and Net Peptide Content](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/trifluoroacetic-acid-peptides/): Why trifluoroacetic acid is used in peptide cleavage and HPLC, why synthetic peptides are isolated as TFA salts, how the counter-ion is exchanged for acetate or chloride and measured, and how counter-ions and water separate net peptide content from the weighed mass.
- [Tripeptide: Definition, Structure and Examples](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/tripeptide/): What a tripeptide is: three amino-acid residues joined by two peptide bonds. How the mass adds up, how names and sequences are written, why order matters, and three worked examples in KPV, GHK-Cu and glutathione.
- [What Are Peptides? A Chemistry Primer](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/what-are-peptides/): A chemistry-only primer on peptides: amino acids, the peptide bond, length conventions, peptide vs protein, how sequences are written, common modifications and how identity is confirmed.
- [What Are Research Peptides? Definition, Grades and Verification](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/what-are-research-peptides/): A category explainer on research peptides: what makes a peptide a research reagent, what "research grade" means on paper, how research peptides are made and purified, what lot documentation shows, and how identity and purity are verified.
- [What Is a COA? Certificates of Analysis Explained](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/what-is-a-coa/): A plain explainer on certificates of analysis: what a COA is, who issues one, what is printed on it, what it cannot tell a reader, and how it differs from a specification sheet, a certificate of conformance and a safety data sheet.
- [What Is an Amino Acid? Meaning, Structure and the 20 Standard Types](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/what-is-an-amino-acid/): A chemistry primer on amino acids: the alpha-carbon structure, the 20 standard amino acids by side-chain class, three- and one-letter codes, L and D chirality, zwitterions and pKa, and how amino acids are analysed.
- [What Is BPC-157? Identity, Origin and Analysis](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/what-is-bpc-157/): BPC-157 by identity: its sequence, mass and CAS number, where the name came from, who has published on it, its chemistry and stability, and how a lot is verified by mass spectrometry and HPLC.
- [Where to Get Peptides for Research: What to Check Before Buying](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/where-to-buy-research-peptides/): A checklist for laboratories: the main places research peptides come from, what each provides, eight documentation checks to run before ordering, and what to check when the material arrives. No vendor names and no rankings.
- [Why Peptide Purity Varies by Batch: 9 Lot Reports (2026)](https://vortexresearch.net/blog/peptide-purity-batch-variation/): Where lot-to-lot differences in peptide purity come from (synthesis, purification, freeze-drying and the measurement itself), and what nine published lot reports can and cannot show about them.